2.3 Changing the Compiler's Behavior with Options

Options control the operation of the compiler. This section provides a description of option conventions and an option summary table. It also provides detailed descriptions of the most frequently used options, including options used for type-checking and assembling.

For a help screen summary of the options, enter cl2000 with no parameters on the command line.

The following apply to the compiler options:

There are typically two ways of specifying a given option. The "long form" uses a two hyphen prefix and is usually a more descriptive name. The "short form" uses a single hyphen prefix and a combination of letters and numbers that are not always intuitive.
Options are usually case sensitive.
Individual options cannot be combined.
An option with a parameter should be specified with an equal sign before the parameter to clearly associate the parameter with the option. For example, the option to undefine a constant can be expressed as --undefine=name. Likewise, the option to specify the maximum amount of optimization can be expressed as -O=3. You can also specify a parameter directly after certain options, for example -O3 is the same as -O=3. No space is allowed between the option and the optional parameter, so -O 3 is not accepted.
Files and options except the --run_linker option can occur in any order. The --run_linker option must follow all compiler options and precede any linker options.

You can define default options for the compiler by using the C2000_C_OPTION environment variable. For a detailed description of the environment variable, see Section 2.4.1.

Table 2-6 through Table 2-29 summarize all options (including link options). Use the references in the tables for more complete descriptions of the options.

Table 2-1 Processor Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--silicon_version=28	-v28	Specifies TMS320C28x architecture. The default (and only value accepted) is 28. This option is no longer required.	Section 2.3.4
--abi={coffabi\|eabi}		Selects application binary interface. Default is coffabi. Support is also provided for eabi.	Section 2.3.4
--unified_memory	-mt	Generates code for the unified memory model.	Section 2.3.4
--cla_support[=cla0\|cla1\|cla2]		Specifies TMS320C28x CLA accelerator support for Type 0, Type 1, or Type 2. Default is cla0.	Section 2.3.4
--float_support={ fpu32 \| fpu64 \| softlib }		Specifies use of TMS320C28x 32-bit or 64-bit hardware floating-point support. The default is softlib.	Section 2.3.4
--idiv_support={none \| idiv0}		Enables support for fast integer division using hardware extensions to provide a set of instructions to accelerate integral division for 16-, 32-, and 64-bit values. If this hardware is available, use --idiv_support=idiv0 to cause these instructions to be used. The default is none. (EABI only)	Section 2.3.4
--silicon_errata_fpu1_workaround =on\|off		Enabling this option prevents FPU register write conflicts that can occur during certain instructions. The compiler adds NOP instructions before such instructions to prevent conflicts.	Section 2.3.4
--tmu_support[=tmu0 \| tmu1]		Enables support for the Trigonometric Math Unit (TMU). Using this option also enables FPU32 support (as with --float_support=fpu32). If this option is used but no value is specified, the default is tmu0. The tmu1 option enables support for all tmu0 functionality plus the LOG2F32 and IEXP2F32 instructions. (TMU1 is supported for EABI only.)	Section 2.3.4
--vcu_support[=vcu0\|vcu2\|vcrc]		Specifies C28x VCU coprocessor support Type 0, Type 2, or VCRC. Default is vcu0.	Section 2.3.4

Table 2-2 Optimization Options⁽¹⁾

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--opt_level=off		Disables all optimization (default).	Section 3.1
--opt_level=n	-On	Level 0 (-O0) optimizes register usage only. Level 1 (-O1) uses Level 0 optimizations and optimizes locally. Level 2 (-O2) uses Level 1 optimizations and optimizes globally. Level 3 (-O3) uses Level 2 optimizations and optimizes the file. Level 4 (-O4) uses Level 3 optimizations and performs link-time optimization.	Section 3.1, Section 3.3, Section 3.6
--opt_for_space=n	-ms	Controls code size on four levels (0, 1, 2, and 3).	Section 3.13
--opt_for_speed[=n]	-mf	Controls the tradeoff between size and speed (0-5 range). If this option is specified without n, the default value is 4. If this option is not specified, the default setting is 2.	Section 3.2

(1) Note: Machine-specific options (see Table 2-12) can also affect optimization.

Table 2-3 Advanced Optimization Options⁽¹⁾

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--auto_inline=[size]	-oi	Sets automatic inlining size (--opt_level=3 only). If size is not specified, the default is 1.	Section 3.5
--call_assumptions=n	-opn	Level 0 (-op0) specifies that the module contains functions and variables that are called or modified from outside the source code provided to the compiler. Level 1 (-op1) specifies that the module contains variables modified from outside the source code provided to the compiler but does not use functions called from outside the source code. Level 2 (-op2) specifies that the module contains no functions or variables that are called or modified from outside the source code provided to the compiler (default). Level 3 (-op3) specifies that the module contains functions that are called from outside the source code provided to the compiler but does not use variables modified from outside the source code.	Section 3.4.1
--disable_inlining		Prevents any inlining from occurring.	Section 2.11
--fp_mode={relaxed\|strict}		Enables or disables relaxed floating-point mode.	Section 2.3.3
--fp_reassoc={on\|off}		Enables or disables the reassociation of floating-point arithmetic.	Section 2.3.3
--gen_opt_info=n	-onn	Level 0 (-on0) disables the optimization information file. Level 1 (-on2) produces an optimization information file. Level 2 (-on2) produces a verbose optimization information file.	Section 3.3.1
--isr_save_vcu_regs={on\|off}		Generates VCU register save/restore to stack for interrupt routines so that VCU code can be re-entrant.	Section 3.14
--optimizer_interlist	-os	Interlists optimizer comments with assembly statements.	Section 3.10
--program_level_compile	-pm	Combines source files to perform program-level optimization.	Section 3.4
--sat_reassoc={on\|off}		Enables or disables the reassociation of saturating arithmetic. Default is --sat_reassoc=off.	Section 2.3.3
--aliased_variables	-ma	Notifies the compiler that addresses passed to functions may be modified by an alias in the called function.	Section 3.9.2.2

(1) Note: Machine-specific options (see Table 2-12) can also affect optimization.

Table 2-4 Debug Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--symdebug:dwarf	-g	Default behavior. Enables symbolic debugging. The generation of debug information does not impact optimization. Therefore, generating debug information is enabled by default.	Section 2.3.5 Section 3.12
--symdebug:dwarf_version=2\|3\|4		Specifies the DWARF format version. The default version is 3 for the COFF ABI and 4 for EABI.	Section 2.3.5
--symdebug:none		Disables all symbolic debugging.	Section 2.3.5 Section 3.12
--symdebug:profile_coff		Enables profiling using the alternate STABS debugging format. STABS is supported only for the COFF ABI.	Section 2.3.5
--symdebug:skeletal		(Deprecated; has no effect.)

Table 2-5 Include Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--include_path=directory	-I	Adds the specified directory to the #include search path.	Section 2.5.2.1
--preinclude=filename		Includes filename at the beginning of compilation.	Section 2.3.3

Table 2-6 Control Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--compile_only	-c	Disables linking (negates --run_linker).	Section 4.1.3
--help	-h	Prints (on the standard output device) a description of the options understood by the compiler.	Section 2.3.2
--run_linker	-z	Causes the linker to be invoked from the compiler command line.	Section 2.3.2
--skip_assembler	-n	Compiles C/C++ source file, producing an assembly language output file. The assembler is not run and no object file is produced.	Section 2.3.2

Table 2-7 Language Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--c89		Processes C files according to the ISO C89 standard.	Section 6.15
--c99		Processes C files according to the ISO C99 standard.	Section 6.15
--c11		Processes C files according to the ISO C11 standard.	Section 6.15
--c++03		Processes C++ files according to the ISO C++03 standard.	Section 6.15
--cla_default		Processes both .c and .cla files as CLA files.	Section 10.1
--cla_signed_compare_workaround ={on\|off}		Enables automatic use of floating-point comparisons when compiling CLA comparisons that may result in incorrect answers if integer comparison is used. Off by default.	Section 10.1.1
--cpp_default	-fg	Processes all source files with a C extension as C++ source files.	Section 2.3.7
--exceptions		Enables C++ exception handling.	Section 6.7
--extern_c_can_throw		Allow extern C functions to propagate exceptions. (EABI only)	--
--float_operations_allowed ={none\|all\|32\|64}		Restricts the types of floating point operations allowed.	Section 2.3.3
--gen_cross_reference	-px	Generates a cross-reference listing file (.crl).	Section 2.9
--pending_instantiations=#		Specify the number of template instantiations that may be in progress at any given time. Use 0 to specify an unlimited number.	Section 2.3.4
--printf_support={nofloat\|full\| minimal}		Enables support for smaller, limited versions of the printf function family (sprintf, fprintf, etc.) and the scanf function family (sscanf, fscanf, etc.) run-time-support functions.	Section 2.3.3
--relaxed_ansi	-pr	Enables relaxed mode; ignores strict ISO violations. This is on by default. To disable this mode, use the --strict_ansi option.	Section 6.15.3
--rtti	-rtti	Enables C++ run-time type information (RTTI).	–-
--strict_ansi	-ps	Enables strict ANSI/ISO mode (for C/C++, not for K&R C). In this mode, language extensions that conflict with ANSI/ISO C/C++ are disabled. In strict ANSI/ISO mode, most ANSI/ISO violations are reported as errors. Violations that are considered discretionary may be reported as warnings instead.	Section 6.15.3

Table 2-8 Parser Preprocessing Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--preproc_dependency[=filename]	-ppd	Performs preprocessing only, but instead of writing preprocessed output, writes a list of dependency lines suitable for input to a standard make utility.	Section 2.5.8
--preproc_includes[=filename]	-ppi	Performs preprocessing only, but instead of writing preprocessed output, writes a list of files included with the #include directive.	Section 2.5.9
--preproc_macros[=filename]	-ppm	Performs preprocessing only. Writes list of predefined and user-defined macros to a file with the same name as the input but with a .pp extension.	Section 2.5.10
--preproc_only	-ppo	Performs preprocessing only. Writes preprocessed output to a file with the same name as the input but with a .pp extension.	Section 2.5.4
--preproc_with_comment	-ppc	Performs preprocessing only. Writes preprocessed output, keeping the comments, to a file with the same name as the input but with a .pp extension.	Section 2.5.6
--preproc_with_compile	-ppa	Continues compilation after preprocessing with any of the -pp<x> options that normally disable compilation.	Section 2.5.5
--preproc_with_line	-ppl	Performs preprocessing only. Writes preprocessed output with line-control information (#line directives) to a file with the same name as the input but with a .pp extension.	Section 2.5.7

Table 2-9 Predefined Macro Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--define=name[=def]	-D	Predefines name.	Section 2.3.2
--undefine=name	-U	Undefines name.	Section 2.3.2

Table 2-10 Diagnostic Message Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--advice:performance[=all,none]		Provides advice on ways to improve performance. Default is all.	Section 2.3.3
--compiler_revision		Prints out the compiler release revision and exits.	--
--diag_error=num	-pdse	Categorizes the diagnostic identified by num as an error.	Section 2.7.1
--diag_remark=num	-pdsr	Categorizes the diagnostic identified by num as a remark.	Section 2.7.1
--diag_suppress=num	-pds	Suppresses the diagnostic identified by num.	Section 2.7.1
--diag_warning=num	-pdsw	Categorizes the diagnostic identified by num as a warning.	Section 2.7.1
--diag_wrap={on\|off}		Wrap diagnostic messages (default is on). Note that this command-line option cannot be used within the Code Composer Studio IDE.
--display_error_number	-pden	Displays a diagnostic's identifiers along with its text. Note that this command-line option cannot be used within the Code Composer Studio IDE.	Section 2.7.1
--emit_warnings_as_errors	-pdew	Treat warnings as errors.	Section 2.7.1
--issue_remarks	-pdr	Issues remarks (non-serious warnings).	Section 2.7.1
--no_warnings	-pdw	Suppresses diagnostic warnings (errors are still issued).	Section 2.7.1
--quiet	-q	Suppresses progress messages (quiet).	--
--set_error_limit=num	-pdel	Sets the error limit to num. The compiler abandons compiling after this number of errors. (The default is 100.)	Section 2.7.1
--super_quiet	-qq	Super quiet mode.	--
--tool_version	-version	Displays version number for each tool.	--
--verbose		Display banner and function progress information.	--
--verbose_diagnostics	-pdv	Provides verbose diagnostic messages that display the original source with line-wrap. Note that this command-line option cannot be used within the Code Composer Studio IDE.	Section 2.7.1
--write_diagnostics_file	-pdf	Generates a diagnostic message information file. Compiler only option. Note that this command-line option cannot be used within the Code Composer Studio IDE.	Section 2.7.1

Table 2-11 Supplemental Information Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--gen_preprocessor_listing	-pl	Generates a raw listing file (.rl).	Section 2.10

Table 2-12 Run-Time Model Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--gen_data_subsections={on\|off}		Place all aggregate data (arrays, structs, and unions) into subsections. This gives the linker more control over removing unused data during the final link step. The default is on.	Section 4.2.2
--gen_func_subsections={on\|off}	-mo	Puts each function in a separate subsection in the object file.	Section 4.2.1
--no_rpt	-mi	Disables generation of RPT instructions.	Section 2.3.4
--protect_volatile	-mv	Enables volatile reference protection.	Section 2.3.4
--ramfunc={on\|off}		If set to on, specifies that all functions should be placed in the .TI.ramfunc section, which is placed in RAM.	Section 2.3.4
--rpt_threshold=k		Generates RPT loops that iterate k times or less. (k is a constant between 0 and 256.)	Section 2.3.4

Table 2-13 Entry/Exit Hook Options

Option	Effect	Section
--entry_hook[=name]	Enables entry hooks.	Section 2.14
--entry_parm={none\|name\| address}	Specifies the parameters to the function to the --entry_hook option.	Section 2.14
--exit_hook[=name]	Enables exit hooks.	Section 2.14
--exit_parm={none\|name\|address}	Specifies the parameters to the function to the --exit_hook option.	Section 2.14
--remove_hooks_when_inlining	Removes entry/exit hooks for auto-inlined functions.	Section 2.14

Table 2-14 Feedback Options

Option	Effect	Section
--analyze=codecov	Generate analysis info from profile data.	Section 3.8.2.2
--analyze_only	Only generate analysis.	Section 3.8.2.2
--gen_profile_info	Generates instrumentation code to collect profile information.	Section 3.7.1.3
--use_profile_info=file1[, file2,...]	Specifies the profile information file(s).	Section 3.7.1.3

Table 2-15 Assembler Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--keep_asm	-k	Keeps the assembly language (.asm) file.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_listing	-al	Generates an assembly listing file.	Section 2.3.11
--c_src_interlist	-ss	Interlists C source and assembly statements.	Section 2.12 Section 3.10
--src_interlist	-s	Interlists optimizer comments (if available) and assembly source statements; otherwise interlists C and assembly source statements.	Section 2.3.2
--absolute_listing	-aa	Enables absolute listing.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_define=name[=def]	-ad	Sets the name symbol.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_dependency	-apd	Performs preprocessing; lists only assembly dependencies.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_includes	-api	Performs preprocessing; lists only included #include files.	Section 2.3.11
--issue_remarks		Issues remarks (non-serious warnings), which include additional assembly-time checking.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_undefine=name	-au	Undefines the predefined constant name.	Section 2.3.11
--asm_listing_cross_reference	-ax	Generates the cross-reference file.	Section 2.3.11
--flash_prefetch_warn		Assembler warnings for F281X BF flash prefetch issue.	Section 2.3.11
--include_file=filename	-ahi	Includes the specified file for the assembly module.	Section 2.3.11
--preproc_asm	-mx	Preprocesses assembly source, expands assembly macros.	Section 2.3.11

Table 2-16 File Type Specifier Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--asm_file=filename	-fa	Identifies filename as an assembly source file regardless of its extension. By default, the compiler and assembler treat .asm files as assembly source files.	Section 2.3.7
--c_file=filename	-fc	Identifies filename as a C source file regardless of its extension. By default, the compiler treats .c files as C source files.	Section 2.3.7
--cpp_file=filename	-fp	Identifies filename as a C++ file, regardless of its extension. By default, the compiler treats .C, .cpp, .cc and .cxx files as a C++ files.	Section 2.3.7
--obj_file=filename	-fo	Identifies filename as an object code file regardless of its extension. By default, the compiler and linker treat .obj files as object code files, including both .c.obj and .cpp.obj files.	Section 2.3.7

Table 2-17 Directory Specifier Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--abs_directory=directory	-fb	Specifies an absolute listing file directory. By default, the compiler uses the object file directory.	Section 2.3.10
--asm_directory=directory	-fs	Specifies an assembly file directory. By default, the compiler uses the current directory.	Section 2.3.10
--list_directory=directory	-ff	Specifies an assembly listing file and cross-reference listing file directory By default, the compiler uses the object file directory.	Section 2.3.10
--obj_directory=directory	-fr	Specifies an object file directory. By default, the compiler uses the current directory.	Section 2.3.10
--output_file=filename	-fe	Specifies a compilation output file name; can override --obj_directory.	Section 2.3.10
--pp_directory=dir		Specifies a preprocessor file directory. By default, the compiler uses the current directory.	Section 2.3.10
--temp_directory=directory	-ft	Specifies a temporary file directory. By default, the compiler uses the current directory.	Section 2.3.10

Table 2-18 Default File Extensions Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--asm_extension=[.]extension	-ea	Sets a default extension for assembly source files.	Section 2.3.9
--c_extension=[.]extension	-ec	Sets a default extension for C source files.	Section 2.3.9
--cpp_extension=[.]extension	-ep	Sets a default extension for C++ source files.	Section 2.3.9
--listing_extension=[.]extension	-es	Sets a default extension for listing files.	Section 2.3.9
--obj_extension=[.]extension	-eo	Sets a default extension for object files.	Section 2.3.9

Table 2-19 Command Files Options

Option	Alias	Effect	Section
--cmd_file=filename	-@	Interprets contents of a file as an extension to the command line. Multiple -@ instances can be used.	Section 2.3.2

Table 2-20 MISRA-C 2004 Options

Option	Effect	Section
--check_misra[={all\|required\| advisory\|none\|rulespec}]	Enables checking of the specified MISRA-C:2004 rules. Default is all.	Section 2.3.3
--misra_advisory={error\|warning\| remark\|suppress}	Sets the diagnostic severity for advisory MISRA-C:2004 rules.	Section 2.3.3
--misra_required={error\|warning\| remark\|suppress}	Sets the diagnostic severity for required MISRA-C:2004 rules.	Section 2.3.3